The Medieval Hill Towns of Tuscany

Tuscany is a magnificent region of Northern Italy where you can visit mysterious medieval cities and tiny Etruscan hill towns. The food, wine, and scenic views make it hard to leave. We were there in December, a wonderful time to avoid crowds and bask in the festive atmosphere.

Find a local guide in Tuscany here.

After spending 4 days in Rome, we boarded a train to Florence, rented a car, and drove to Montecatini Terme. We stayed at the elegant Ercolini E Savi Hotel, a boutique hotel off the main boulevard in the center of town.

Montecatini Terme is a spa resort town in the heart of Northern Tuscany between Florence and Pisa. In 2021, it was named a UNESCO World Heritage site as part of a cluster of spa towns in Europe. While we were there, we spent part of the day at the Grotta Giusti Spa in nearby Monsummano Terme.

We also visited several medieval cities and hill towns, including Lucca, Montecarlo di Lucca, and Montecatini Alto. Later, we drove South to Siena, stopping at Castellini in Chianti and Montepulciano.

We spent 2 nights in Siena at Hotel Italia, another small hotel, just outside the Porta Camollia gate. The walled city of Siena is magnificent, and I would have loved to spend more time there.

During the winter, the hill towns of Tuscany are quiet and relaxed with hardly any tourists. There’s nothing better than sitting on top of an ancient hill overlooking vast vineyards, sipping a glass of Chianti, and nibbling on freshly baked bread dipped in truffle oil.

Lucca

Lucca is a charming medieval city on the Serchio River near Pisa. It’s renowned for its well-preserved Renaissance walls encircling its historic city center and cobblestone streets. We climbed to the top of the Guinigi Tower, where you can get a sweeping view of the town. 

The city is Etruscan in origin, but during the Roman era, it served as a meeting place for Caesar and Crassus. It’s known as the city of 100 churches. You can ride bikes through the city and its walls, enjoy a variety of restaurants and museums, and eat to-die-for gelato on the square.

For history enthusiasts, wandering through Lucca’s narrow alleys almost feels like stepping back in time—and it’s easy to imagine knights in full medieval armor once patrolling its fortified walls.

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Montecarlo di Lucca

Montecarlo di Lucca is a medieval hill town in the Province of Lucca in the Italian region of Tuscany, on top of the hill of Cerruglio. After the Pisan occupation ended in 1333, it took on the name Monte Carlo in honor of the future emperor who had helped Lucca get rid of the Pisans.

It was once the site of the ancient castle of Viviana. Looking down from the hill, you see a landscape filled with olive trees and rich vineyards that produce some of the finest wine in the world.

Montecatini Alto

Montecatini Alto is another ancient hill town that overlooks Montecatini Terme at the eastern end of northern Tuscany between Florence and Pisa. During high season, you can take a funicular up to the old city.

Siena

Siena is located in central Tuscany and is known as the “city of art.” The old city is protected by walls and is surrounded by a field of olive trees and vineyards. It started as a Roman colony.

During the Middle Ages, it was a rival of Florence and endured fierce fighting and devastation from civil wars and plagues. It reached its height of power during the 11th century, and arts and culture began to flourish.

The large Piazza del Campo is the central gathering and eating place surrounded by famous buildings like the Palazzo Pubblico with its Tower of Mangia. The magnificent Duomo stands out with the black and white striped marble that rises above it. It’s one of the most incredible cathedrals in all of Europe.

The streets are made of bricks and stones that haven’t changed much since medieval times. Art museums, the Academy of Music, and other architectural wonders are everywhere you look.

It’s a city of college students, and I felt safe walking through it even at night. During the winter, at least, when we were there, I didn’t see any hustlers as you do in the tourist-laden cities of Rome and Pisa.

The Palio of the Contrade di Siena, which began as early as 1310, is one of its most famous events. It is a feast to honor the Blessed Virgin where costumed horse riders compete for the painted silk drape. The race is followed by a parade of participants in elegant costumes with drums and flag-waving. The Palio takes place twice a year on July 2 and August 16.

You could spend days wandering the streets to take in all the art and beauty.

Castellina in Chianti

Castellina in Chianti is an Etruscan hill town near Siena. Many artifacts from that period can be found there. The Archaeological Museum of the Sienese Chianti was founded in 2006 after an excavation unearthed the Etruscan burial mound of Montecalvario.

The town was the furthest stronghold of the Florentine Republic, but was seized and destroyed by the Visconti of Milan in 1397. In 1478, after the damage had been repaired, it surrendered to the Sienese and Neopolitan troops. As punishment, the fortress was burned.

The fortress was restored in the mid-1920s and bought by the city of Castellina.

Montepulciano

Montepulciano is a fairly large Etruscan hill town located in southern Tuscany on the border of Umbria. It was strategically located along the most important paths of commerce during medieval times. The village has been remarkably preserved and hosts many cultural and religious events.

It’s also known for its wine, food & crafts products. We enjoyed lunch at the Art Nouveau-style Caffe Poliziano, established in 1868. It sits in the historical center of Montepulciano and overlooks the Valdichiana from the balcony.

Florence

Florence, the capital of Italy’s Tuscany region and the birthplace of the Renaissance, is home to masterpieces of art and architecture. It is the heart of Tuscany. We were only there briefly on an excursion with our cruise ship, but managed to take some photos of its iconic sights and holiday festivities.

Pisa

Pisa is a city of 89,523 residents that is best known for the Square of Miracles, which includes the Cathedral, Baptistery, Bell Tower, and the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Both the Cathedral and the Baptistery are beautiful and hold priceless artwork and artifacts.

Some of our favorite restaurants in Tuscany

Montecatini Terma

• Ristorante Enoteca Giovanni – Via Giuseppe Garibaldi, 25, 51016 Montecatini Terme, +39 0572 71695. We ate Thanksgiving dinner at this restaurant, but arrived too early (7:30 pm) and were told to return after 9 pm. Italians don’t like it when you make them rush. The food was wonderful, and we made friends with a U.S. Airman and his wife, who were having Thanksgiving there too. (We didn’t eat turkey, though – LOL)
• La Cascina – Viale Giuseppe Verdi, 43, Montecatini Terme. 39.0572.78474. A beautiful and family-friendly restaurant with seating available in its outdoor patio and garden during the warm season.
• La Pecora Nera at the Ercolini & Savi Hotel – Elegant and a little more high-end, but exquisite cuisine.

Siena

• Trattoria Fonte Giusta – Via Camollia, 102, Siena 53100, 0577 40506. Our hotel recommended it, and we ate there twice.  Their homemade pici pasta is excellent.

Montepulciano

• Caffe Poliziano Via di Voltaia del Corso, 27-29 Montepulciano, 53045, 0578 758615   A quaint and beautifully decorated Art Nouveau caffé with a spectacular view of the Tuscan wine region from its balcony. We had Tuscan soup and bruschetta.  The cafe also has tasty-looking pastries.

Check out the top things to do in the area here.

Find places to stay in Tuscany, Italy

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